@article {57,
	title = {Ladybeetles (Coccinellidae). Chapter 8.4},
	journal = {Biorisk},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {293-313},
	abstract = {<p>The majority of Coccinellidae are beneficial predators and they have received considerable research atten-tion because of their potential as biological control agents. Indeed the role of coccinellids as predators of pest insects has been a major factor in the movement of coccinellids between countries. Th e commercial production of coccinellids by biological control companies and local producers led to a rapid increase in distribution thoughout the 1990\&$\#$39;s. To date, 13 alien coccinellid species have been documented in Europe; 11 of these are alien to Europe (two are alien to Great Britain and Sweden but native within Europe). Th e distribution of alien coccinellids in Europe mirrors the biogeographical distribution and patterns of introduction. Some species have dispersed widely; Harmonia axyridis has spread rapidly from countries where it was deliberately introduced to many others across Europe. Th e ecological and economic impacts of alien coccinellids are not well documented. In this chapter we provide an overview of the temporal and spatial patterns of alien coccinellids in Europe.</p>
},
	keywords = {alien, biological control agent, Coccinellid, distribution patterns, Europe, Harmonia axyridis, ladybird},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.3897/biorisk.4.49},
	author = {Roy, H. and Migeon, A.}
}
