01684nas a2200217   4500008004100000245004500041210004100086300001200127490000600139520111900145653001001264653002901274653001601303653002601319653001101345653002201356653001301378100001201391700001501403856004801418       2010                        eng d00aLadybeetles (Coccinellidae). Chapter 8.40 aLadybeetles Coccinellidae Chapter 84  a293-3130 v43 a<p>The majority of Coccinellidae are beneficial predators and they have received considerable research atten-tion because of their potential as biological control agents. Indeed the role of coccinellids as predators of pest insects has been a major factor in the movement of coccinellids between countries. Th e commercial production of coccinellids by biological control companies and local producers led to a rapid increase in distribution thoughout the 1990&#39;s. To date, 13 alien coccinellid species have been documented in Europe; 11 of these are alien to Europe (two are alien to Great Britain and Sweden but native within Europe). Th e distribution of alien coccinellids in Europe mirrors the biogeographical distribution and patterns of introduction. Some species have dispersed widely; Harmonia axyridis has spread rapidly from countries where it was deliberately introduced to many others across Europe. Th e ecological and economic impacts of alien coccinellids are not well documented. In this chapter we provide an overview of the temporal and spatial patterns of alien coccinellids in Europe.</p>
10aalien10abiological control agent10aCoccinellid10adistribution patterns10aEurope10aHarmonia axyridis10aladybird1 aRoy, H.1 aMigeon, A.  uhttps://alientoma.myspecies.info/el/node/57